Research reportdepartment of physics, university of jyv askyl a, isbn 97895956509 paper copy isbn 97895956516 pdf. Plasmonic optical properties of a single gold nanorod hung ji huang 1,2, chin ping yu2,3, hung chun chang3, kuo pin chiu, hao ming chen 4, ru shi liu, and din ping tsai 1,2,5,6 1department of physics, national taiwan university, taipei 10617, taiwan 2center of nanostorage research, national taiwan university, taipei 10617 taiwan 3graduate institute of electrooptical engineering, national. The optical properties are strongly influence by the orientation of the tube in the bundles. Pdf midinfrared surface plasmons in carbon nanotube. The observed peak position in the fir spectra linearly scaled with the inverse of tube length irrespective of diameter, which is consistent with the dispersion relation predicted by the onedimensional plasmon. Four kinds of singlewall carbon nanotubes swnts with different diameter distribution have been synthesized and optical absorption spectra have been measured. Coherent plasmon and phononplasmon resonances in carbon. Graphene plasmons are rapidly emerging as a viable tool for fast electrical manipulation of light. Broadband tunable, polarizationselective and directional. Surface excitonplasmons and optical response of small. Fundamental properties of photonic crystals are presented including photonic bandgaps and dispersion of light. Theoretical characterizations suggest an anisotropic response, in line with. In the second part of the thesis from chapter 2 to chapter 5, i describe experimental investigations and theoretically analyze optical properties of photonic crystals. The practical application of the nanotubes requires the study of the elastic response, the inelastic behavior and buckling, yield strength and fracture.
On the role of interband surface plasmons in carbon nanotubes. Experimental characterization of electronic, structural and optical properties of individual carbon nanotubes jyv askyl a. Optical properties of surface plasmon resonances of coupled metallic nanorods elizabeth j. Electronic properties of intercalated singlewall carbon. The propagation of surface plasmon waves in metallic singlewalled carbon nanotubes is analyzed within the framework of the classical electrodynamics. The conduction electrons of the system are modelled by an in. This work provides experimental results on the intersubband plasmon frequency measured as a function of gating voltage in singlewalled carbon nanotube swcnt thin films. Carbon nanotubes provide a rare access point into the plasmon physics of onedimensional electronic systems.
Optical properties of singlewalled carbon nanotubes and. Optoelectronic property modeling of carbon nanotubes grafted with gold nanoparticles. Intersubband plasmon excited in heavily doped carbon nanotubes by the external electromagnetic field in the nearinfrared range is known to be sensitive to both the nanotube diameter and fermi level shift. Conductivity of a bulk or large material does not depend upon dimensions like diameter or area of cross section and twist in the conducting wire etc. Appearance of the intersubband plasmon isbp peak in a gated and aligned carbon nanotube film in polarized absorption spectra. Nanophotonics or nanooptics is the study of the behavior of light on the nanometer scale, and of the interaction of nanometerscale objects with light. Elsevier synthetic metals 103 1999 25552558 optical properties of singlewall carbon nanotubes h. By assembling purified nanotubes into uniformly sized arrays, we show that they support coherent plasmon resonances, that these plasmons enhance and hybridize with phonons, and that the phononplasmon resonances have quality factors as high as 10.
Sensing is the foremost and majorly explored application of spr technique. With the discovery of carbon nanotubes cnts, many experimental and theoretical researches have been performed to analyze their properties in different fields. The plasmonic cavities enhance the raman signal of a small nanotube bundle by a factor of. A finitedifference timedomain fdtd method is used to model thermal radiative properties of vertical arrays of multiwalled carbon nanotubes mwcnt. Individual cnts are treated as solid circular cylinders with an effective dielectric tensor. Single walled carbon nanotubes swnts can be seen as a graphene sheet cut and rolled up along a certain direction, described by. A novel analysis method that is based on optical absorption spectroscopy was developed in order to meet the challenge of accurately and efficiently evaluating the.
Intrinsically ultrastrong plasmonexciton interactions in. The exciton absorption lineshape exhibits the line rabi splitting. Plasmons and optical properties of carbon nanotubes nasaads. For single wall, metallic carbon nanotubes, in addition to the high frequency plasma modes in the uv range, and the depolarization shifted van hove plasma resonances, there are also low frequency, quasiid plasmons in the farinfrared frequency range, which interact with phonons. Infrared and optical properties of carbon nanotube dipole antennas article pdf available in ieee transactions on nanotechnology 56. For doublewalled carbon nanotubes, we report a profound effect of interband surface plasmons on the intertube casimir force at tube separations similar to their equilibrium distances. Pdf coherent plasmon and phononplasmon resonances in. The change in electrical properties in nanomaterials are.
Intersubband plasmon observation in electrochemically. The total energy and electronic dispersion show strong. Achibac a department of physics, faculty of science, tokyo metropolitan university, ii minami ohsawa, hachioji, tokyo 1924397, japan b departmentof applied physics, faculty of science, konan university, 89l okamoto. The prospects for applications to electrooptical modulation, optical sensing, quantum plasmonics, light harvesting, spectral photometry, and tunable lighting at the nanoscale are further stimulated by the relatively low level of losses and high degree of spatial confinement that characterize. Hp deskjet 2, 25, 3630, 3635, 4720 ciss hp 63, 302, 123, 803. Optical properties of ordered vertical arrays of multi. The optical properties of carbon nanotubes are studied within the gradient approximation. Consistent with experiments, the results confirm that cnt arrays are highly absorptive. Physical properties of surface plasmons are also brie. Optical properties of armchair 7, 7 single walled carbon. Theory of carbon nanotubes as optical nano waveguides. Tunable hyperbolic metamaterials based on selfassembled.
Lengthdependent plasmon resonance in singlewalled carbon. Plasmons and optical properties of carbon nanotubes, phys. Seznsb alloy and its nano tubes, graphene composites. Pdf infrared and optical properties of carbon nanotube. Carbon nanotubes posses a very rich spectrum of plasmon modes. Coherent plasmon and phononplasmon resonances in carbon nanotubes abram l. The diffused amorphous structure of the multi walled carbon nano tubes and bilayer.
Singlewalled carbon nanotubes swnts are a unique class of macromolecule, conceptualized as a single graphitic sheet of sp 2 carbon atoms, rolled into a seamless cylinder, with diameters of 0. For example for nanospheriods structures, assuming the size of the spheroid is significantly smaller than the wavelength of extinction then the approximate condition a. The outstanding optical and electrical properties of semiconducting singlewalled carbon nanotubes swnts make them promising candidates for applications as light sources especially at the single photon level, in nonlinear optics, as detectors, in photovoltaics, integrated circuits, and optoelectronic devices in general. Optical properties of surface plasmon resonances of.
The electronic properties and the optical properties of such bulk samples were. We derive analytic expressions for the optical matrix elements of. This thesis presents the study of the optical properties of singlewalled carbon nanotubes swcnts and carbon nanobuds by means of optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Optical properties of singlewalled carbon nanotubes. Optical properties of carbon nanotubes carbon nanotubes are hollow tubes made entirely from carbon with diameters in the nanometer range such as the one shown in the picture below. We study theoretically the interactions of excitonic states with surface electromagnetic modes of smalldiameter. These properties are observed to change at nanoscale level like optical properties. Plasmonenhanced raman scattering by carbon nanotubes. We present a systematic study of optical antenna arrays. A definition of carbon nanotubes, potential applications, the issue.
A promising trend in plasmonics involves shrinking the size of plasmonsupporting structures down to a few nanometers, thus enabling control over lightmatter interaction at extremesubwavelength scales. Optical properties of ultrashort semiconducting single. Photonics with multiwall carbon nanotube arrays, acs nano 3, 12381248. Electronic and optical properties of carbon nanotubes.
The unique optical properties of cnts make them ideal material for electronics, optic and optoelectronic devices. However, the electrons have a rather high kinetic energy typically 100kev and more andtheir speedis of the order of half the speed of light. It is a branch of optics, optical engineering, electrical engineering, and nanotechnology. The carbon nanotubes are expected to have high stiffness and axial strength as a result of the carboncarbon sp 2 bonding. The materials structural and optical properties changes could be interpreted with the help of the bond formation mechanism in. Fundamentally, these properties emerge from the optical properties of the individual nanotubes35 and the degree to which charges can be transported across nanotubes, which is an important open question in nanotube plasmonics. To probe the hyperbolic nature of our swcnt system, we investigate both the bulk optical properties of the aligned. Nanoplasmonic colloidal suspensions for the enhance ment. However, the most widely used gas nanosensors are based on electrical. We show that these interactions can result in strong excitonsurfaceplasmon coupling. In this limit, quantum mechanical effects, such as nonlocal screening and size quantization, strongly affect the plasmonic response, rendering it substantially different from classical. Three large absorption bands due to the optical transitions between spikelike density of states, characteristics of swnts, were observed from infrared to visible region.
Ye, firstprinciples study on elastic properties and phase stability of iiiv compounds. Optical and vibrational properties of boron nitride nanotubes. Identification of gas molecules plays a key role a wide range of applications extending from healthcare to security. In the world at nano scale, carbon nanotubes cnts stand out for their exceptional mechanical, optical, and electronic properties 1. Carbon nanotubes, also called buckytubes, are cylinders made up of pure carbon molecules, whose unique properties make them very attractive to many different industries. The optical response of singlewalled carbon nanotubes swcnts to farinfrared fir radiation was systematically studied using various swcnts with different tubelength distributions. Optical properties of the chalcogenidemulti walled carbon. The optical properties of the lsp are influenced by the size, shape and dielectric properties of the nanostructured materials 38,39,40. As a result, they have a pseudo1d electronic structure and possess sharp van hove singularities in their. Directed dielectrophoretic assembly places singlewalled carbon nanotubes precisely into the gap of gold nanodimers.
Midinfrared surface plasmons in carbon nanotube plasmonic metasurface. Observation of charged excitons in holedoped carbon. Optical properties the optical properties of nanomaterials differ remarkably from bulk materials. A particularly fascinating property of these crystallized nanotube films is that they function as a unique type of antenna whose excitations comprise intrinsically ultrastrongly coupled plasmons and excitons. Plasmon excitations in carbon nanotubes 1533 in a transmission electron microscope an electron flux of about 1012electronss.
Section 7 presents the theory of the phonon dispersion in nanotubes and raman spectroscopy. Intersubband plasmons in the quantum limit in gated and. In this paper we study the optical spectra of carbon nanotubes using the tightbinding approximation. Nonlinear optical properties in singlewall carbon nanotubes cnts illuminated by an external electromagnetic field were investigated using quantum kinetic equations for the density matrix of the. The surface plasmon resonance spr technique is a remarkable tool, with applications in almost every area of science and technology. How to identify plasmons from the optical response of. The optical noise equivalent power nep and optical detectivity of 4. Therefore, work demonstrates the synthesis of a new composition se96zn2sb2 and its composites with 0.
Plasmonic optical properties of a single gold nanorod. Osa optical properties of ordered vertical arrays of. The calculated dielectric function exhibits many divergent structures, due to the divergencies in its density of states. Collective electronic excitations in the ultra violet. In the case of zigzag tubes, the gap is reduced significantly. However, the electrons have a rather high kinetic energy typically 100kev and more andtheir speedis of the.
The last few decades have seen a surge in spr sensor research related to sensitivity enhancement and innovative target materials for specificity. Section 8 surveys the mechanical properties of nanotubes. Compared with the commonly used maxwellgarnett theory, the. This difference can be mainly attributed to the quantum confinement effects, unique surface phenomena, and efficient energy and charge transfer over nanoscale distances within nanomaterials. Composite can alter the individual element physical property, could be useful to define the specific use of the material. Nanotubes are promising candidates for nanoscale lightemitters and many other optical applications, especially in the infrared wavelength. It often but not exclusively involves metallic components, which can transport and focus light via surface plasmon polaritons. Optical properties of ultrashort semiconducting singlewalled carbon nanotube capsules down to sub10 nm xiaoming sun, sasa zaric, dan daranciang, kevin welsher, yuerui lu, xiaolin li, and hongjie dai, department of chemistry and laboratory for advanced materials, stanford university, stanford, california 94305, and chemistry department, beijing university of chemical. Optoelectronic property modeling of carbon nanotubes.
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